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III.5. MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT

VI.2. SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT

1. What types of exploitation were and are most frequent in the area:
Types of exploitation Before the project % of project area Actual % of project area Date of abandonment
Field agriculture  -   -    
Orchards (olive trees, etc.)  -   -    
Bee-keeping  -   -    
Pasture lands  YES 10  YES 10   
Planted forest-tree crops (e.g., cork, timber, pulp,...)  -   YES  
Managed semi-natural forest or coppice  YES 90  YES 75   
Aromatic plants  -   -    
Edible mushrooms  -   -    
Urban: residential, tourist facilities, etc.  -   -    
Managed high stands  -   YES 10   
*Please indicate the reference date (e.g., at the time of project implementation; 25, 50, etc. years before project implementation; etc.):
At the time of project implementation 

2. Does significant grazing take place in the project area?
Yes   
a) Indicate species and livestock population (data on past, present and projections for future, if available) 
Before the project Ref.Date:  
Projection for the future Ref.Date:  
Type of livestock Before the project At present Projection for the future);echo " ";?>
Sheep  620  750 
b) Comments on past, present and projections for future census and exploitation systems in the restoration area:
 

3. Are timber and other wood products exploited:
Yes
a) Type of timber and other wood products (species):
firewood 
b) Volume produced/year:
 
c) Is timber and other wood products felled for use for local people?
Yes
Description:  

4. Are non-timber forest products collected?
Yes
Non-timber products collected Economic importance
mushrooms  high 
Woodcock (Scolopax rusticola)  medium 
c) Does hunting take place? Yes

5. Employment
a) Did project implementation works generate jobs for the local population?
No
b) Does the restored area provide jobs at present?
- No
YES Occasional
- Permanent
Description:  
c) Number (approximate) of people employed in the restored area ? /year: 
Occasional  
Permanent  

6. Homeland
a) Are people living in the restored area?
No
b) If yes, indicate type of lifestyle:
- Indigenous
- Settled
- Part-time/Second home
c) Human population dynamics in the project area in the last 20 years:
Type (increase/decrease):  
Range of change:  

7. Recreational and educational value
a) Uniquiness of particular sites within the restored area?
No
Description:  
b) Do people use the restored area for recreation?
Yes
c) Average number of visitors/year (approximate value):
 
d) Presence of tourist or educational facilities (visitor centre, guide trails,...):
No
If yes, please list number and types:
 
e) Types of activity (walking, hunting,...)
Hunting, mushrooms harvesting 
f) Is the area used in scientific work?
Yes
Description: Forestry 

8. Cultural value
a) Does the project area have particular significance to local inhabitants?
Yes
b) Are there important cultural or religious sites present in the project area?: (World Heritage sites, sacred groves, trees, burial sites, buildings, ..)
Yes
c) If yes, list sites, types, designations and indicate if they have official protection:
Medieval crop fields, no protection 
d) Presence of culturally important lanscapes: (land management, grazing system, ...)
Yes
Description:  
e) Are there references in folklore, literature, etc. to the project area?
- Yes
- No
YES Unknown
f) After the project implementation, were there any negative impacts to cultural sites/landscapes?
No
Description:  
g) Have the cultural sites/landscapes been protected in the framework of the project?
- Yes
YES No
- Partly

9. Local participation
a) In relation to the project, the local population has a position of?
YES Participation
- Indifference
- Opposition
- Boycott
b) Are local people involved in decisions about the project area?
Yes
c) What is the nature of participation?
Hunting, firewood harvesting 
d) Has a questionnaire been prepared concerning local people's perception of the project (participatory approach)?
YES Yes
- No
- Unknown
Was it intended to make the population:
- more sensitive to risks (wildfires, floods, erosion, etc.)?
- Yes
YES No
- Unknown
- more aware of the advantages of ecological restoration?
YES Yes
- No
- Unknown
YES Other: fire prevention, grazing 

REACTION: This research is supported by the "Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development" programme, under contract EVK2-2002-80025